The black mamba (Dendroaspis polylepis) is a venomous snake that lives in sub-Saharan Africa. It is widely regarded as the most deadly snake in the world, due to its speed, aggression, and potent neurotoxic venom. In this article, we will explore some facts and myths about this fascinating and feared creature.

The black mamba is not actually black in color. Its name comes from the black color of the inside of its mouth, which it displays when threatened. The black mamba’s body color can vary from olive to gray to brown, depending on its habitat. It has a slender and elongated body, with a coffin-shaped head and large eyes. The black mamba can grow up to 4.5 meters (14 feet) in length, making it the longest venomous snake in Africa and the second-longest in the world after the king cobra.

The black mamba inhabits a wide range of habitats in sub-Saharan Africa, from savannas and woodlands to rocky hillsides and forests. It prefers areas with plenty of cover and access to water sources. The black mamba is an arboreal snake, meaning it spends most of its time in trees, where it hunts for birds and small mammals. However, it can also move swiftly on the ground, reaching speeds of up to 20 km/h (12 mph), making it one of the fastest snakes in the world.

The black mamba is extremely dangerous to humans and animals alike. It is highly aggressive and will not hesitate to attack if provoked or cornered. It can strike with great accuracy and deliver multiple bites in rapid succession. Its venom is a powerful neurotoxin that affects the nervous system, causing symptoms such as blurred vision, difficulty breathing, paralysis, convulsions, and cardiac arrest. Without antivenom treatment, a black mamba bite can be fatal within 20 minutes to an hour. The mortality rate of untreated black mamba bites is estimated to be between 60% and 100%.

The best way to avoid a black mamba encounter is to be aware of your surroundings and respect its territory. Do not approach or disturb a black mamba if you see one, and keep a safe distance. If you encounter a black mamba on the ground, do not run or make sudden movements, as this may trigger its chase instinct. Instead, stand still and slowly back away until you are out of its striking range. If you encounter a black mamba in a tree, do not climb or shake the tree, as this may cause it to fall on you or bite you. Instead, walk away calmly and quietly until you are out of its sight.

There are many myths and legends about the black mamba that exaggerate its abilities or portray it as a supernatural creature. Some of these myths include:

• The black mamba can spit venom from its mouth or eyes.
• The black mamba can hypnotize its prey or enemies with its gaze.
• The black mamba can fly or jump over long distances.
• The black mamba can kill an elephant with one bite.
• The black mamba can sense fear or evil intentions.

While these myths are entertaining and intriguing, they are not based on scientific evidence or reality. The black mamba is an amazing animal that deserves respect and admiration, but not fear or superstition.